Windows 10 power options missing on new laptop
I found the solution to this problem here: https://help.ableton.com/hc/en-us/articles/115000211304-How-to-disable-power-throttling-on-Windows
It is because the system is configured to use Connected Standby as the sleep mode (Connected Standby is similar to how smartphones work: they go into a low-power mode, but there is still some processing possible).
The solution is to disable connected standby. Here's how (only for Windows 10 versions below 2004):
Type regedit to open Registry Editor.
Go to “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Power“
Double click on “CsEnabled”
Change Value data from “1″ to “0″
Click OK.
Restart your computer to apply these changes to your system.
Maybe there is an easier (non-regedit) way of doing this. However, I have not been able to find it.
Launch your registry editor and navigate to \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Power\PowerSettings.
If you expand all of the sub-folders, click on any one of them, and you'll see a "Description" and a "Friendly Name" that describe which advanced power setting option they control. Scroll through, read those descriptions, and find the settings that you want to be able to control in advanced power settings.
For each of these, find the "Attributes" REG_DWORD file and change its value to the number 2. That setting will now show up in and can be controlled from your advanced power settings.
If you come across a setting that lacks the "Attributes" file, just create a new DWORD file called "Attributes" in that folder, set the value to 2, and it'll likewise show up in your advanced power settings.
It's a bit tedious to scroll through ~100 options, but I was able to fully-customize my advanced power settings interface in about 30 minutes.