How to disable SELinux without restart?

sestatus is showing the current mode as permissive.

In permissive mode, SELinux will not block anything, but merely warns you. The line will show enforcing when it's actually blocking.

I don't believe it's possible to completely disable SELinux without a reboot.

Disabling SELinux without reboot is not possible. But I guess making it in permissive mode is going to satifsy your requirement.

The output of sestatus shows SELinux is enabled but also shows it is in Permissive mode, which is what you just did with the setenforce command.

On CentOS 7:

echo 0 > /sys/fs/selinux/enforce