VMWare Virtual Machine Monitor Failed in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

I solved this problem.

Ubuntu 16.04, VMware Workstation 12.1.0 build-3272444

1. Disable Secure Boot in my BIOS.

2. Run

   sudo su -      
   vmware-modconfig --console --install-all
   

Using Charly's script on superuser.com/questions/1328401/vmware-workstation-vmmon-broken-on-ubuntu-18-04/, I was able to build the needed modules for kernel 4.15.0-29-generic on 16.04LTS. There is a typo at the end of the script, there should not be a line return between sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 and /usr/lib/vmware/lib/libz.so.1/libz.so.1

Another addition I would recommend is to add sudo /etc/init.d/vmware restart command to the end of the above script.

So the actual solution script with tweaks is:

#!/bin/bash
VMWARE_VERSION=workstation-12.5.9
TMP_FOLDER=/tmp/patch-vmware
rm -fdr $TMP_FOLDER
mkdir -p $TMP_FOLDER
cd $TMP_FOLDER
git clone https://github.com/mkubecek/vmware-host-modules.git
cd $TMP_FOLDER/vmware-host-modules
git checkout $VMWARE_VERSION
git fetch
make
sudo make install
sudo rm /usr/lib/vmware/lib/libz.so.1/libz.so.1
sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 /usr/lib/vmware/lib/libz.so.1/libz.so.1
sudo /etc/init.d/vmware restart

```

Sorry this isn't a comment on Charly's answer, I don't have the reputation on this account.

Note that this will only work for Workstation 12.5.9, you can easily tell which version you have by running vmware --version