putting logo on same line but after title, latex

You can just add this to the title.

\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage[top=1in, bottom=1in]{geometry} 
\usepackage{amsfonts} 
\usepackage{graphicx}

\title{test $\vcenter{\hbox{\includegraphics[width=1.5in]{example-image-duck}}}$} 
\date{}

\begin{document} 
\maketitle 
\end{document}

If you want to place the picture while keeping the title centered, and want to put it, say, at the right end of the current page's text area, I recommend tikzpagenodes along with the tikzmark library.

\documentclass[10pt]{article}
\usepackage[top=1in, bottom=1in,showframe]{geometry} 
\usepackage{amsfonts} 
\usepackage{tikzpagenodes}
\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark}

\title{\tikzmarknode{title}{test}\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\node[anchor=east,inner sep=0pt] at (title-|current page text area.east) {\includegraphics[width=1.5in]{example-image-duck}};
\end{tikzpicture}} 
\date{}

\begin{document} 
\maketitle 
\end{document}

showframe is only used to guide the eye.

Quick hack: place two minipages besides each other

\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage[top=1in, bottom=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\title{test}
\date{}

\begin{document}

\begin{minipage}{.5\textwidth}
\maketitle
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{.3\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=1.5in]{example-image-duck}
\end{minipage}

\end{document}