How to detect Internet Explorer 11 and below versions?

Check for documentmode - the IE only property:

if (document.documentMode) 
    alert('this is IE');

Here you go, this should work for you:

//Per Icycool, one liner
//function isIE(){
//                 return window.navigator.userAgent.match(/(MSIE|Trident)/);
//               }

function isIE() {
    const ua = window.navigator.userAgent; //Check the userAgent property of the window.navigator object
    const msie = ua.indexOf('MSIE '); // IE 10 or older
    const trident = ua.indexOf('Trident/'); //IE 11
    
    return (msie > 0 || trident > 0);
}


//function to show alert if it's IE
function ShowIEAlert(){
    if(isIE()){
       alert("User is using IE");
    }
}