Referring to weak self inside a nested block

Your code will work fine: the weak reference will not cause a retain cycle as you explicitly instruct ARC not to increase the retainCount of your weak object. For best practice, however, you should create a strong reference of your object using the weak one. This won't create a retain cycle either as the strong pointer within the block will only exist until the block completes (it's only scope is the block itself).

__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
[self doABlockOperation:^{
    __strong typeof(weakSelf) strongSelf = weakSelf;
    if (strongSelf) {
        ...
    }
}];

It depends.

You only create a retain cycle if you actually store the block (because self points to the block, and block points to self). If you don't intend to store either of the blocks, using the strong reference to self is good enough --- block will be released first after it got executed, and then it will release it's pointer to self.

In your particular example, unless you're performing more operations which are not shown, you don't need to create any weakerWeakerEvenWeakerSelfs.