Python statement of short 'if-else'

The construct you are referring to is called the ternary operator. Python has a version of it (since version 2.5), like this:

x if a > b else y

m = 100 if t == 0 else 5 # Requires Python version >= 2.5
m = (5, 100)[t == 0]     # Or [5, 7][t == 0]

Both of the above lines will result in the same thing.

The first line makes use of Python's version of a "ternary operator" available since version 2.5, though the Python documentation refers to it as Conditional Expressions.

The second line is a little hack to provide inline functionality in many (all of the important) ways equivalent to ?: found in many other languages (such as C and C++).

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Documentation of Python - 5.11. Conditional Expressions