Prove that $\lim_{a \to \infty} \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(n!)^a}{n^{an}} = 1$.

Hint: Note that $n!/n^n\le 1/n$ for all $n.$ Thus your sum equals $1+ R(a),$ where

$$0<R(a)\le \sum_{n=2}^{\infty}\left (\frac{1}{n}\right)^a.$$

Thus all you need to show is that $R(a)\to 0$ as $a\to \infty.$


Perhaps here is the approach. First term of your sum is 1, and all others are in $(0,1)$. So if we exchange the two limits, $x_n^a \to 0$ as $a \to \infty$, so the entire sum will be zero.

You have to check the axioms if the limits can be exchanged though, but everything looks safe -- both positive and convergent...