Presentation that shows how to use lualatex to make a presentation

Another option is to use [containsverbatim]:

\documentclass[lualatex]{beamer}

\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{language={[LaTeX]TeX}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{frame}[containsverbatim]
    \frametitle{Minimum Working Example}
        \begin{lstlisting}
\documentclass[lualatex]{beamer}

\begin{document}
    \begin{frame}{I am the title of this slide!}
        I am some body text.
    \end{frame}
\end{document}
        \end{lstlisting}
    \end{frame}
\end{document}

Source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2981008/latex-issue-with-beamer-and-listings.

As a workaround you can apply the example from page 62 of the beamer user guide:

% !TeX TS-program = lualatex
\documentclass[lualatex]{beamer}

\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{language={[LaTeX]TeX}}

\newenvironment{slide}
    {\begin{frame}[fragile,environment=slide]}
    {\end{frame}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{slide}
    \frametitle{Minimum Working Example}
        \begin{lstlisting}
\documentclass[lualatex]{beamer}

\begin{document}
    \begin{frame}{I am the title of this slide!}
        I am some body text.
    \end{frame}
\end{document}
        \end{lstlisting}
    \end{slide}
\end{document}