Magento 2: How to get current language of store?

You can use \Magento\Store\Api\Data\StoreInterface or Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver class to get store language.

1. BY USING \Magento\Store\Api\Data\StoreInterface CLASS

With Dependency Injection

protected $_store;

public function __construct(
    ...
    \Magento\Store\Api\Data\StoreInterface $store,
    ...
) {
    ...
    $this->_store = $store;
    ...
}

Now use getLocaleCode() to get language:

$currentStore = $this->_store->getLocaleCode();

if($currentStore == 'en_US'){
    
}

With objectManager

$objectManager = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance(); 
$store = $objectManager->get('Magento\Store\Api\Data\StoreInterface'); 

echo $store->getLocaleCode();

2. BY USING Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver CLASS

With Dependency Injection

protected $_store;

public function __construct(
    ...
    Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver $store,
    ...
) {
    ...
    $this->_store = $store;
    ...
}

Now use getLocale() to get language:

$currentStore = $this->_store->getLocale();

if($currentStore == 'en_US'){
    
}

With objectManager

$objectManager = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance(); 
$store = $objectManager->get('Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver'); 

echo $store->getLocale();

NOTE: You should never use \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance() It defeats the purpose of dependency injection.

You can get current locale by using below way,

Use of Directly Objectmanager in phtml file is not perfect way for magento 2 standard,

$objectManager = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance();
$getLocale = $objectManager->get('Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver');
$haystack  = $getLocale->getLocale(); 
$lang = strstr($haystack, '_', true); 
switch ($lang) {

    case 'en':
        // English block
        break;

    case 'nl':
        // Dutch block
        break;

    default:
        // Dutch block
        break;
}

You can call Block file and set one function for your requirement and call those function inside phtml file.

public function __construct(
        \Magento\Framework\Locale\Resolver $locale
    ) {
        $this->locale = $locale;
    }

call inside phtml file,

$currentCode = $this->locale->getLocale();
$langCode = strstr($currentCode, '_', true);
if($langCode == 'en_US'){

}