Magento 2.2.0 missing admin developer configuration

Check your Deployment Mode it is in Production.

To enable the developer tab menu under the Advanced You need to change it to Developer Mode

So run this command : php bin/magento deploy:mode:set developer

Clear the cache by running this command : php bin/magento cache:clean

Now check Go to admin ->logged in ->click on stores ->configuration->advanced -> you will see developer option now.

In Magento 2.2 advance section has been removed,

The ability to disable module output has been removed from Admin. If you disabled module output from Admin in a previous release, you must manually configure these settings. See Disable module output for details.

You can read release note from this link

EDIT

Developer section is there Magentoteam doesn't remove this feature. I checked in my fresh setup. Still you can debug this from below location

vendor\magento\module-backend\etc\adminhtml\system.xml and check If developer section is there or not. If its there then may be something wrong with Instillation process.