JavaScript function arguments for filter function

.filter (Array.prototype.filter) calls the supplied function with 3 arguments:

function(element, index, array) {
    ...

• element is the particular array element for the call.
• index is the current index of the element
• array is the array being filtered.

You can use any or all of the arguments.

In your case, i refers to the element and is used in the body of your function:

function(i){
    return (i > 2);
}

In other words, "filter elements where element is greater than 2".

i is a reference to the current object in the set when inside that closure. It could be named anything as it is just a variable, but then would have to have the same name inside the closure. Instead of using function(){} you could use a callback which is how filter was designed.

The reference is done implicitly by the definition of .filter, you can read more here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff679973(v=vs.94).aspx