Java Maven MOJO - getting information from project POM

@Component
private MavenProject project;

also works (more succinctly and intuitively) if using the new maven-plugin-annotations, which is the default for new mojos created from maven-archetype-plugin.

EDIT (thanks to @bmargulies): although the @Component Javadoc as of 3.2 suggests using it for MavenProject, apparently that is deprecated and the suggestion is dropped as of 3.3; the idiom suggested by maven-plugin-tools-annotations (as of 3.3) is something like this (both seem to work):

@Parameter(defaultValue="${project}", readonly=true, required=true)
private MavenProject project;

See Tutorial: How to Create a Maven Plugin:

POM

        <dependency>
            <!-- needed when injecting the Maven Project into a plugin  -->
            <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.3</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

Mojo

@Parameter(property = "project", readonly = true)
private MavenProject project;

You can inject the current maven project into your mojo with a field declared like this:

/**
 * @parameter default-value="${project}"
 * @required
 * @readonly
 */
MavenProject project;

The projects name is then available by simply calling project.getName(). To use this API, you need to add the maven-project artifact as a dependency:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-project</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>

The preferred syntax is now:

@Parameter(defaultValue = "${project}", required = true, readonly = true)
MavenProject project;

You will have to add a dependency for maven-project to your plugin's pom:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-project</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.6</version>
</dependency>

(Thanks to others who have supplied this information already. This answer combines them in one place.)