Is there a way to inspect the current rpath on Linux?

For the record, here are a couple of commands that will show the rpath header.

objdump -x binary-or-library |grep RPATH

Maybe an even better way to do it is the following:

readelf -d binary-or-library |head -20

The second command also lists the direct dependencies on other libraries followed by rpath.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <elf.h>
#include <link.h>

int main()
{
  const ElfW(Dyn) *dyn = _DYNAMIC;
  const ElfW(Dyn) *rpath = NULL;
  const char *strtab = NULL;
  for (; dyn->d_tag != DT_NULL; ++dyn) {
    if (dyn->d_tag == DT_RPATH) {
      rpath = dyn;
    } else if (dyn->d_tag == DT_STRTAB) {
      strtab = (const char *)dyn->d_un.d_val;
    }
  }

  if (strtab != NULL && rpath != NULL) {
    printf("RPATH: %s\n", strtab + rpath->d_un.d_val);
  }
  return 0;
}

You can also use:

chrpath -l binary-or-library