is it possible to select EXISTS directly as a bit?

SELECT CAST(COUNT(*) AS bit) FROM MyTable WHERE theColumn like 'theValue%'

When you cast to bit

0 -> 0
everything else -> 1
And NULL -> NULL of course, but you can't get NULL with COUNT(*) without a GROUP BY

bit maps directly to boolean in .net datatypes, even if it isn't really...

This looks similar but gives no row (not zero) if no matches, so it's not the same

SELECT TOP 1 CAST(NumberKeyCOlumn AS bit) FROM MyTable WHERE theColumn like 'theValue%'

No, you'll have to use a workaround.

If you must return a conditional bit 0/1 another way is to:

SELECT CAST(
   CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT * FROM theTable where theColumn like 'theValue%') THEN 1 
   ELSE 0 
   END 
AS BIT)

Or without the cast:

SELECT
   CASE
       WHEN EXISTS( SELECT 1 FROM theTable WHERE theColumn LIKE 'theValue%' )
            THEN 1 
       ELSE 0 
   END

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