How to identify orphaned veth interfaces and how to delete them?

Fixed by upgrade docker to last version. New version:

root@hostname ~ # docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.8.1
 API version:  1.20
 Go version:   go1.4.2
 Git commit:   d12ea79
 Built:        Thu Aug 13 02:35:49 UTC 2015
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      1.8.1
 API version:  1.20
 Go version:   go1.4.2
 Git commit:   d12ea79
 Built:        Thu Aug 13 02:35:49 UTC 2015
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Now interfaces remove together with containers. Old orphaned interfaces were deleted manually by following command:

# ip link delete <ifname>

There are three problems here:

1. Starting a single container should not increase the count of veth interfaces on your system by 2, because when Docker creates a veth pair, one end of the pair is isolated in the container namespace and is not visible from the host.

2. It looks like you're not able to start a container:

   Error response from daemon: Cannot start container ...
   

3. Docker should be cleaning up the veth interfaces automatically.

These facts make me suspect that there is something fundamentally wrong in your environment. Can you update your question with details about what distribution you're using, which kernel version, and which Docker version?

How I can identify which interfaces are linked with existing containers, and how I can remove extra interface which was linked with removed contrainers?

With respect to manually deleting veth interfaces: A veth interface isn't a bridge, so of course you can't delete one with brctl.

To delete a veth interface:

# ip link delete <ifname>

Detecting "idle" interfaces is a thornier problem, because if you just look at traffic you're liable to accidentally delete something that was still in use but that just wasn't seeing much activity.

I think what you would actually want to look for are veth interfaces whose peer is also visible in the global network namespace. You can find the peer of a veth interface using these instructions, and then it would be a simple matter of seeing if that interface is visible, and then deleting one or the other (deleting a veth interface will also remove its peer).