How to calculate percentage between the range of two values a third value is

Well, I would use the formula

((input - min) * 100) / (max - min)

For your example it would be

((65 - 46) * 100) / (195 - 46) = 12.75

Or a little bit longer

range = max - min
correctedStartValue = input - min
percentage = (correctedStartValue * 100) / range 

---

If you already have the percentage and you're looking for the "input value" in a given range, then you can use the adjusted formula provided by Dustin in the comments:

value = (percentage * (max - min) / 100) + min

If you want to calculate the percentages of a list of values and truncate the values between a max and min you can do something like this:

private getPercentages(arr:number[], min:number=0, max:number=100): number[] {
  let maxValue = Math.max( ...arr );

  return arr.map((el)=>{
    let percent = el * 100 / maxValue;
    return percent * ((max - min) / 100) + min;
  });
};

Here the function call:

this.getPercentages([20,30,80,200],20,50);

would return

[23, 24.5, 32, 50]

where the percentages are relative and placed between the min and max value.

I put together this function to calculate it. It also gives the ability to set a mid way 100% point that then goes back down.

Usage

//[] = optional
rangePercentage(input, minimum_range, maximum_normal_range, [maximum_upper_range]);

rangePercentage(250, 0, 500); //returns 50 (as in 50%)

rangePercentage(100, 0, 200, 400); //returns 50
rangePercentage(200, 0, 200, 400); //returns 100 
rangePercentage(300, 0, 200, 400); //returns 50 

The function

function rangePercentage (input, range_min, range_max, range_2ndMax){

    var percentage = ((input - range_min) * 100) / (range_max - range_min);

    if (percentage > 100) {

        if (typeof range_2ndMax !== 'undefined'){
            percentage = ((range_2ndMax - input) * 100) / (range_2ndMax - range_max);
            if (percentage < 0) {
                percentage = 0;
            }
        } else {
            percentage = 100;
        }

    } else if (percentage < 0){
        percentage = 0;
    }

    return percentage;
}