How does inheritance work for Attributes?

When Inherited = true (which is the default) it means that the attribute you are creating can be inherited by sub-classes of the class decorated by the attribute.

So - if you create MyUberAttribute with [AttributeUsage (Inherited = true)]

[AttributeUsage (Inherited = True)]
MyUberAttribute : Attribute
{
   string _SpecialName;
   public string SpecialName
   { 
     get { return _SpecialName; }
     set { _SpecialName = value; }
   }
}

Then use the Attribute by decorating a super-class...

[MyUberAttribute(SpecialName = "Bob")]
class MySuperClass 
{
  public void DoInterestingStuf () { ... }
}

If we create an sub-class of MySuperClass it will have this attribute...

class MySubClass : MySuperClass
{
   ...
}

Then instantiate an instance of MySubClass...

MySubClass MySubClassInstance = new MySubClass();

Then test to see if it has the attribute...

MySubClassInstance <--- now has the MyUberAttribute with "Bob" as the SpecialName value.

Yes that is precisely what it means. Attribute

[AttributeUsage(Inherited=true)]
public class FooAttribute : System.Attribute
{
    private string name;

    public FooAttribute(string name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public override string ToString() { return this.name; }
}

[Foo("hello")]
public class BaseClass {}

public class SubClass : BaseClass {}

// outputs "hello"
Console.WriteLine(typeof(SubClass).GetCustomAttributes(true).First());