How do I transpile TypeScript to ES6?

Yes.

You can target TypeScript compiler to ES6.

For example add this to your command line args:

--target es6

Yes, You can.

Either by adding --target es2015, or by adding target to Your tsconfig.json:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2015"
  }
}

Supported options for target are:

• "ES3" (default)
• "ES5"
• "ES6"/"ES2015"
• "ES2016"
• "ES2017"
• "ESNext"

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There are a lot of more config options. You can explore them here: Compiler options

Some options are only allowed in tsconfig.json, and not through command-line switches.