How do I copy/paste website content WITH formatting

Well, Chrome, or any modern browser, when copying your selection, will always copy the HTML (i.e., with formatting). The software you're pasting it into, however, need to support this (most office programs do, but you might need to select "Paste Special" or Ctrl+Shift+V).

Still, the browser will only copy the HTML, but not the styles associated with it, so any indirect formatting through CSS rules will most likely not be copied and, in fact, it would be very difficult to copy them.