How can I get past corruption?
The enchanted boomerang can be difficult to use against the various Eaters that will swarm you in the Corruption. It's not quite fast enough to take them all out before they overwhelm you or knock you back into one of the many caverns. They like to surround and swarm you very closely.
For traversing the Corruption quickly, I'd recommend:
- The Shiny Red Balloon, Cloud in a Bottle, and/or the Rocket Boots to help you handle jumping over the caverns and over the hills. Mobility is key if you want to outrun the Eaters.
- A sword or other melee weapon to quickly break through the thorn-type plants that hurt you and knock you back and to take care of the Eaters. The Big Eaters have 45 max health, so having one that does enough damage to kill them in 2-3 hits is helpful. Breaking down the thorns will also increase the speed at which you can climb the hills.
- Ranged weapons with a high recast time such as bows and arrows, flails, or spells like the Vilethorn can be handy in trying to keep the Eaters away from you, but I've found that if you stick around too long in one place, you will get swarmed anyway and need to use the melee weapons for a quicker takedown.
- A Grappling Hook or Ivy Whip in case you fall. If you don't have a Lucky Horseshoe, it's very likely you will splat, as the caverns are usually very deep in the Corruption.
- When I first crossed, I kept a bunch of Wood Platforms on me so I could build them over the caverns. This makes re-crossing later on much easier and faster, as you can just run over the caverns, and you won't get knocked into them by the Eaters.
Tunneling under the corruption would be incredibly time consuming, and I'm not sure how far the Ebonstone goes down in your world, so you may not be able to quickly do it at all. Tunneling through Ebonstone would require either a Nightmare/Molten Pickaxe, or a Dryad to sell you Purification Powder so you could mine through it with lesser pickaxes. A skybridge would be less time consuming and is also a viable option, but keep in mind that if you have a Meteorite fall later on, if it hits a skybridge, your crash site will end up with only a few blocks of Meteorite. :(
If you can't handle the Corruption right now, the Dungeon and Skeletron are probably a bit too difficult at the moment with your current gear. If you haven't yet, focus on taking down the Eye of Cthulu and Eater of Worlds so you can make Demonite gear, which will prepare you better for the dungeon. Remember that the Eater of Worlds' individual segments also drop Shadow Scales, so even if you fail in completely killing him, you should be able to get at least a few drops.
Don't listen to the party poopers here.
The only thing you need to get past the corruption is gumption and a bit of luck:
Run
Jump
???
Profit
Of course, one thing that is really useful is a hookshot. (Made from a hook and three iron chains.) It'll let you quickly scale hills on your way through the corruption.
Of course, to be a bit of a party pooper myself:
If you can't handle the monsters in the Corruption, you probably aren't ready for the dungeon anyway. I'm sorry if that sounds a bit harsh, but such is life.
Get better gear. You could, of course, try to bypass the Corruption by purifying or building over or under it, but if you can't get through the Corruption, then you don't stand a chance against the Dungeon and its protector.
Your next step would be the boss fights with the Eye of Cthulhu and the Eater of Worlds to acquire Demonite (and possibly Meteorite) gear. The Eater of Worlds fight requires you to venture into (and fight in) the Corruption, but there isn't really a way around that. It's probably the biggest difficulty spike in the game right now.
If you're dead set on skipping it though, building a solid bridge over it (and effectively encasing the Corruption below) would be the most effective way. Purifying every "evil" block with surface contact (like so) is also viable, but you will, of course, need a Dryad first — and 2-3 Gold Coins to spend on the powder.