Get all index and types' names from cluster in ElasticSearch

Some mappings are too large to efficiently use the _mapping to parse out types. Instead consider an aggregation. Would likely be much faster. For indexes:

curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/_search" -d'
{
  "aggs": {
    "indicesAgg": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "_index",
        "size": 200
      }
    }
  },
  "size": 0
}'

And for types for a specific index (or to get all types across all indexes, simply exclude the index name {myIndex} in the url):

curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/myIndex/_search" -d'
{
  "aggs": {
    "typesAgg": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "_type",
        "size": 200
      }
    }
  },
  "size": 0
}'

I'm sure you could write a single agg to return both as well.

The answer by yvespeirsman is correct but if you want to just see types for indexes you can use jq to get a more compact answer.

curl -s -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_mapping' | jq 'to_entries | .[] | {(.key): .value.mappings | keys}'

curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'

will give you all the indexes.

curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_mapping?pretty=true'

will give you the document types in these indexes, together with their mappings.