fatal error :"python.h" no file or directory?

For Ubuntu 15.10 and Python 3:

sudo apt-get install python-dev
sudo apt-get install python3-dev
sudo apt-get install libpython3-dev
sudo apt-get install libpython3.4-dev
sudo apt-get install libpython3.5-dev

After looking at https://github.com/hrldcpr/hungarian/blob/master/hungarian.cpp, it seems that you need both:

#include "Python.h"
#include "numpy/arrayobject.h"

So install the following packages:

sudo apt-get install libpython2.7-dev python-numpy

To identify the missing packages (the ones providing the headers), look at packages.ubuntu.com.

This is python code extending with C. No need to use make. Python itself will take care of the cpp code compilation with proper flags.

First you need to have header files and a static library. Install those as,

sudo apt-get install python-dev

Now follow these commands to execute example.py in your code.

python setup.py build
cp  build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/hungarian.so .
python example.py

Note: I am using python2.7, you should take care of your version of python when execute the above commands. It is worth mentioning that you need to install python-numpy if you not have it as python script need it.