Drawing a really large binary matrix as colored grid

This is MWE using Asymptote:

The sample 30x500 file was generated with

// 
// "gendata.asy" :
//
int m=30, n=500;
file fout=output("binmatrix.txt");
srand(1717177);
string s;
for(int i=0;i<m;++i){
  s="";
  for(int j=0;j<n;++j){
    s+=string(round(unitrand()));
  }
  write(fout,s+'\n');
}
flush(fout);
close(fout);

And the Asymptote code for the image is

//
// "m1.asy" :
// 
settings.tex="pdflatex";
file fin=input("binmatrix.txt"); 

string[] s=fin;

int m=s.length, n=length(s[1]);

real h=1cm;
real w=h/m*n;
size(w,h);

import graph;
import palette;
real[][] v=new real[n][m];
for(int i=0; i < m; ++i){
  for(int j=0; j < n; ++j){
    v[j][i]=(real)substr(s[i],j,1);
  }
}
pen[] Palette=new pen[]{deepblue,orange};
bounds range=image(v,(0,0),(n,m),Palette);

You can also combine bits into colors, for example, like this:

settings.tex="pdflatex";
file fin=input("binmatrix.txt"); 

string[] s=fin;

int m=s.length, n=length(s[1]);

real h=1cm;
real w=h/m*n/3;
size(w,h);

import graph;
import palette;
pen[][] v=new pen[(int)(n/3)][m];
for(int i=0; i < m; ++i){
  for(int j=0; j < (int)(n/3); ++j){
    v[j][i]=rgb((real)substr(s[i],3*j,1),(real)substr(s[i],3*j+1,1),(real)substr(s[i],3*j+2,1));;
  }
}
image(v,(0,0),(n/3,m)); 

If you want efficiency, primitive is generally better. Note, the Op for this question specified tikz in the solution.

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{xcolor}

\newlength{\cellwidth}
\newlength{\cellheight}
\let\END=\eof

\newcommand{\colormatrix}[1]% #1 = binary matrix
{\parbox{\CMcolumns\cellwidth}{%
  \baselineskip=\cellheight
  \lineskip=0pt
  \def\one{1}%
  \def\zero{0}%
  \bgroup
    \countdef\col=1
    \col=0
    \CMParse#1\END
  \egroup
}}

\def\CMParse#1{\ifx#1\END\else
  \if#1\one\relax{\color{\onecolor}\rule{\cellwidth}{\cellheight}}\fi
  \if#1\zero\relax{\color{\zerocolor}\rule{\cellwidth}{\cellheight}}\fi
  \advance\col by 1
  \ifnum\col<\CMcolumns\relax\else
    \hfil
    \col=0
  \fi
\expandafter\CMParse\fi}% expand \fi first

\newcommand{\setcolormatrix}[6]% #1=width, #2=height, #3=number columns, #4=number rows, #5=one color, #6=zero color
{\global\cellwidth=\dimexpr #1/#3\relax
 \global\cellheight=\dimexpr #2/#4\relax
 \global\def\CMcolumns{#3}%
 \global\def\onecolor{#5}%
 \global\def\zerocolor{#6}%
}

\begin{document}
\setcolormatrix{1in}{1in}{11}{7}{blue}{yellow}%
\colormatrix{%
10110101010
10010101010
01010111010
11110010100
01100011001
11101010111
10101010111}

\end{document}

---

The file image.tex (created by the editor) consists of

10110101010
10010101010
01010111010
11110010100
01100011001
11101010111
10101010111

and the updated solution is given by

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{xcolor}

\newlength{\cellwidth}
\newlength{\cellheight}
\newread\imagefile
\let\END=\eof

\newcommand{\colormatrix}[1]% #1 = filename
{\parbox{\CMcolumns\cellwidth}{%
  \baselineskip=\cellheight
  \lineskip=0pt
  \def\one{1}%
  \def\zero{0}%
  \def\empty{\par}%
  \openin\imagefile=#1
  \loop\ifeof\imagefile\else
    \read\imagefile to \buffer%
    \ifx\buffer\empty\relax\else
      \expandafter\CMParse\buffer\END
      \hfil
    \fi
  \repeat
  \closein\imagefile
}}

\long\def\CMParse#1{\ifx#1\END\else
  \if#1\one\relax{\color{\onecolor}\rule{\cellwidth}{\cellheight}}\fi
  \if#1\zero\relax{\color{\zerocolor}\rule{\cellwidth}{\cellheight}}\fi
\expandafter\CMParse\fi}% expand \fi first

\newcommand{\setcolormatrix}[6]% #1=width, #2=height, #3=number columns, #4=number rows, #5=one color, #6=zero color
{\global\cellwidth=\dimexpr #1/#3\relax
 \global\cellheight=\dimexpr #2/#4\relax
 \global\def\CMcolumns{#3}%
 \global\def\onecolor{#5}%
 \global\def\zerocolor{#6}%
}

\begin{document}
\setcolormatrix{1in}{1in}{11}{7}{blue}{yellow}%
\colormatrix{image}

\end{document}