'Couldn't find that process type' heroku node deployment

I found out what the problem was, in my project, I wasn't pushing to the master branch, and I was performing the wrong git code. So the correct way to push to Heroku if you are working on a different branch is the following:

git push heroku <branch_name>:master

Although the following answer is for Rails, it can certainly apply to any framework.

The app deployment logs are supposed to list these default types:

Default types for buildpack -> console, rake, web, worker

(this log is displayed when you run git push, you can also find them in the Activity feed of your Heroku dashboard)

If this line (or something similar) is not present, this might be due to the buildpacks of your app. You can list them with:

$ heroku buildpacks --app myapp
=== myapp Buildpack URLs
1. heroku/ruby
2. https://github.com/some/buildpack.git

In this example, heroku/ruby comes first, which might sounds legit. But it seems that the last buildpack cancels the types created by heroku/ruby. To fix this, make sure this buildpack comes last. You can achieve this with buildpacks:remove and buildpacks:add --index:

$ heroku buildpacks:remove https://github.com/some/buildpack.git --app myapp
$ heroku buildpacks:add --index 1 https://github.com/some/buildpack.git --app myapp
$ heroku buildpacks --app myapp
=== myapp Buildpack URLs
1. https://github.com/some/buildpack.git
2. heroku/ruby

Deploy the app again with git push, and it is now possible to start web and worker processes.