Can I create music sheets with LaTeX?

I'd instead use LilyPond, which, though not based on TeX at all, has similar goals of human-readable plain-text source files and beautiful, customizable output.

There's also MusiXTeX or old site https://icking-music-archive.org/software/indexmt6-2012-12.html for the actual typesetting (CTAN). A bit of searching turned up this page about exporting from LilyPond to MusiXTeX.

In addition to MusiXTeX, there's also GregorioTeX for gregorian chant. It's apparently very well suited to typesetting this particular type of scores, and is actively maintained.